@font-face{font-family:Literary;src:url('/fonts/cormorant-garamond-latin-400-normal.woff2') format('woff2');font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}
@font-face{font-family:Literary;src:url('/fonts/cormorant-garamond-latin-400-italic.woff2') format('woff2');font-weight:400;font-style:italic;font-display:swap}
@font-face{font-family:Franklin;src:url('/fonts/libre-franklin-latin-400-normal.woff2') format('woff2');font-weight:400;font-style:normal;font-display:swap}
:root{--paper:#f7f5f0;--ink:#292b27;--muted:#6e7168;--accent:#a34f34;--line:#d4d4c9;--soft:#edeee6;--serif:Literary,Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;--body:Georgia,'Times New Roman',serif;--sans:Franklin,Arial,sans-serif;color-scheme:light}
:root[data-theme=dark]{--paper:#20221e;--ink:#e5e4db;--muted:#afb2a6;--accent:#df9a7b;--line:#45483f;--soft:#2b2e26;color-scheme:dark}
@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]){--paper:#20221e;--ink:#e5e4db;--muted:#afb2a6;--accent:#df9a7b;--line:#45483f;--soft:#2b2e26;color-scheme:dark}}
*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:auto}body{margin:0;background:var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--body);font-size:18px;line-height:1.65;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}a:hover{color:var(--accent)}a:focus-visible,select:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:5px}::selection{background:var(--accent);color:var(--paper)}button,select{font:inherit}h1,h2,h3,p{margin:0}h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--serif);font-weight:400;line-height:1.1}a.text-link{display:inline-block;color:var(--accent);border-bottom:1px solid currentColor;padding-bottom:2px;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:12px;line-height:1.5}a.text-link:hover{color:var(--ink)}.wrapper{width:calc(100% - 96px);max-width:1160px;margin-inline:auto}.eyebrow{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:10px;line-height:1.6;letter-spacing:.13em;text-transform:uppercase}.site-header{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:28px;min-height:104px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);font-family:var(--sans);font-size:12px}.wordmark{font-size:13px;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.09em}.site-header nav{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:29px}.site-header nav a{position:relative;padding-block:10px}.site-header nav a[aria-current=page]{color:var(--accent)}.site-header nav a[aria-current=page]::after{content:'';position:absolute;bottom:3px;left:0;width:100%;height:1px;background:var(--accent)}.header-controls{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:22px;font-size:10px}.language-switch{display:flex;gap:8px;align-items:center}.language-switch a:not([aria-current]){color:var(--muted)}.language-switch a[aria-current]{color:var(--accent)}.language-switch span{color:var(--line)}.theme-picker select{padding:5px 2px;background:var(--paper);color:var(--muted);border:0;border-radius:0;font-family:var(--sans);font-size:10px;max-width:92px;cursor:pointer}.sr-only{position:absolute;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);white-space:nowrap;border:0}.skip-link{position:absolute;z-index:10;left:24px;top:-200px;padding:12px 18px;background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper);font-family:var(--sans);font-size:13px}.skip-link:focus{top:12px}.home-intro{padding:73px 0 82px}.home-intro>.eyebrow{color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:28px}.masthead{font-size:clamp(74px,10.65vw,152px);letter-spacing:-.047em;line-height:.95;margin-left:-5px}.masthead em{color:var(--accent);font-weight:400;letter-spacing:-.06em}.home-editorial{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.08fr 1fr;gap:96px;margin-top:58px}.series-title h2{font-size:34px;line-height:1.15;letter-spacing:-.015em;max-width:490px}.home-copy .prose{font-size:17px;line-height:1.8;max-width:49ch}.home-copy .prose p{margin-bottom:0}.editorial-note{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:10px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);margin-top:18px}.section-heading{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:25px;padding:18px 0}.section-heading h2{font-family:var(--sans);font-weight:400;color:var(--muted)}.section-heading .text-link{border-bottom:0;font-size:10px}.essay-list{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.essay-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:42px minmax(0,1.45fr) minmax(0,1fr);gap:34px;padding:38px 0 36px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.essay-index{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:25px;line-height:1;color:var(--accent);padding-top:32px}.essay-meta{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:18px;color:var(--muted);font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.08em}.essay-meta span{color:var(--accent)}.essay-main h3{font-size:35px;line-height:1.12;letter-spacing:-.015em;margin-top:13px}.essay-subtitle{color:var(--muted);font-family:var(--serif);font-size:23px;line-height:1.35;margin-top:10px;max-width:48ch}.essay-excerpt{padding-top:28px}.essay-excerpt p{font-size:15px;line-height:1.8;max-width:48ch}.essay-excerpt .text-link{margin-top:15px;font-size:10px}.newsletter-note{max-width:740px;margin:88px auto 90px;text-align:center;padding:42px 56px 46px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.newsletter-note>.eyebrow{color:var(--accent);margin-bottom:16px}.newsletter-note h2{font-size:39px;letter-spacing:-.02em}.newsletter-note>p:not(.eyebrow){font-size:16px;line-height:1.8;max-width:53ch;margin:17px auto 20px;color:var(--muted)}.page-heading{padding:72px 0 47px;max-width:750px}.page-heading>.eyebrow{color:var(--accent);margin-bottom:22px}.page-heading h1{font-size:76px;letter-spacing:-.035em}.page-lead{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:29px;line-height:1.35;color:var(--muted);margin-top:23px;max-width:48ch}.archive-count{margin-top:26px;color:var(--muted)}.empty-state{padding:60px 0 66px;border-block:1px solid var(--line);max-width:760px}.empty-state h2{font-size:34px;margin-bottom:17px}.empty-state p{font-size:17px;color:var(--muted);max-width:60ch}.static-page{max-width:720px;margin-inline:auto;margin-bottom:110px}.static-page .page-heading{padding-bottom:45px}.prose{max-width:65ch;overflow-wrap:break-word}.prose p{margin-bottom:1.45em}.prose h2{font-size:34px;margin-top:1.6em;margin-bottom:.7em;letter-spacing:-.015em}.prose h3{font-size:27px;margin-block:1.4em .7em}.prose blockquote{margin:38px 0;padding:0 0 0 27px;border-left:1px solid var(--accent);color:var(--accent);font-family:var(--serif);font-size:31px;line-height:1.35}.prose blockquote p{margin-bottom:0}.prose a{color:var(--accent);text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:4px;text-decoration-thickness:1px}.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:1.3em;margin-bottom:1.4em}.prose hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-block:40px}.prose pre{overflow-x:auto;background:var(--soft);padding:18px;font-size:13px}.prose code{font-size:.85em}.fallback-notice{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:11px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted);border-left:1px solid var(--accent);padding-left:13px;margin-bottom:24px}.article-heading{padding:43px 0 38px}.article-heading h1{font-size:68px;letter-spacing:-.035em;line-height:1.03;margin-top:25px}.article-subtitle{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:30px;line-height:1.3;color:var(--muted);margin-top:24px}.byline{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:11px;line-height:1.7;color:var(--muted);margin-top:23px}.essay-detail{max-width:710px;margin:0 auto;padding-top:45px}.back-link{font-size:10px!important}.sample-notice{padding:16px 20px;background:var(--soft);font-family:var(--sans);font-size:11px;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);margin:0 0 36px}.article-body{font-size:19px;line-height:1.85;max-width:65ch}.article-body>p:first-child::first-letter{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:66px;float:left;line-height:.88;margin:9px 9px 0 0;color:var(--accent)}.author-line{border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding-top:27px;margin-top:48px}.author-line>.eyebrow{color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:11px}.author-line>p:not(.eyebrow){font-family:var(--serif);font-size:24px}.author-line .author-bio{font-family:var(--body)!important;font-size:14px!important;line-height:1.8;color:var(--muted);margin-top:8px;max-width:60ch}.essay-detail .newsletter-note{margin-block:55px 20px;padding-inline:24px}.discussion-slot{min-height:28px}.related{margin-bottom:80px}.substack-placeholder{border-block:1px solid var(--line);padding:30px 0;margin-top:38px}.substack-placeholder .eyebrow{color:var(--accent);margin-bottom:13px}.substack-placeholder p{font-size:16px;max-width:60ch}.substack-placeholder code{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);display:block;margin-top:14px}.button-link{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:12px;background:var(--accent);color:var(--paper);display:inline-block;padding:12px 18px}.button-link:hover{background:var(--ink);color:var(--paper)}.site-footer{border-top:1px solid var(--ink);padding:35px 0 25px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:38px 40px}.footer-wordmark{font-family:var(--serif);font-size:27px;letter-spacing:-.02em}.footer-intro p{font-size:12px;color:var(--muted);max-width:56ch;margin-top:6px}.footer-links{font-family:var(--sans);font-size:10px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:21px;align-items:flex-start;padding-top:12px}.pending-link{color:var(--muted);border-bottom:1px dotted var(--line);cursor:help}.copyright{grid-column:1/-1;font-family:var(--sans);color:var(--muted);font-size:9px;letter-spacing:.025em}.not-found{min-height:55vh;padding-block:90px}.not-found h1{font-size:60px}.not-found p{margin:24px 0}
@media(min-width:1440px){.home-intro{padding-top:88px}}
@media(max-width:1000px){.wrapper{width:calc(100% - 64px)}.site-header{gap:18px}.site-header nav{gap:20px}.header-controls{gap:10px}.home-editorial{gap:48px}.series-title h2{font-size:30px}.essay-row{gap:22px;grid-template-columns:28px minmax(0,1.4fr) minmax(0,1fr)}.essay-main h3{font-size:31px}.footer-links{gap:16px}}
@media(max-width:760px){body{font-size:17px}.wrapper{width:calc(100% - 40px)}.site-header{min-height:120px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:0;padding:20px 0 14px}.wordmark{font-size:11px}.header-controls{gap:16px}.site-header nav{grid-row:2;grid-column:1/-1;gap:26px;margin-top:13px;font-size:11px}.theme-picker select{font-size:9px;max-width:74px}.home-intro{padding:51px 0 49px}.home-intro>.eyebrow{font-size:9px;margin-bottom:24px}.masthead{font-size:clamp(56px,12.6vw,96px);margin-left:-1px;letter-spacing:-.045em}.home-editorial{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px;margin-top:35px}.series-title h2{font-size:31px;max-width:520px}.home-copy .prose{font-size:16px;max-width:65ch}.editorial-note{margin-top:13px;font-size:9px}.section-heading{padding:16px 0}.section-heading .text-link{font-size:9px}.eyebrow{font-size:9px}.essay-row{grid-template-columns:24px minmax(0,1fr);gap:16px;padding-block:28px}.essay-index{font-size:21px;padding-top:30px}.essay-main h3{font-size:31px;margin-top:11px}.essay-subtitle{font-size:22px;margin-top:8px}.essay-excerpt{grid-column:2;padding-top:0}.essay-excerpt p{font-size:14px;max-width:65ch}.essay-meta{font-size:8px;gap:12px}.essay-excerpt .text-link{margin-top:13px}.newsletter-note{margin-block:53px 58px;padding:29px 10px 32px}.newsletter-note h2{font-size:34px}.newsletter-note>p:not(.eyebrow){font-size:15px}.site-footer{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px;padding-top:27px}.footer-links{padding-top:0;font-size:9px;gap:19px}.copyright{font-size:8px;margin-top:10px}.footer-intro p{font-size:11px}.page-heading{padding-block:48px 35px}.page-heading h1{font-size:58px}.page-lead{font-size:27px;margin-top:17px}.static-page{margin-bottom:65px}.static-page .page-heading{padding-bottom:32px}.prose{font-size:17px;line-height:1.85}.prose h2{font-size:30px}.prose blockquote{font-size:28px;padding-left:20px}.essay-detail{padding-top:27px}.article-heading{padding-block:30px 29px}.article-heading h1{font-size:49px;margin-top:21px;line-height:1.07}.article-subtitle{font-size:27px;margin-top:18px}.byline{font-size:10px}.sample-notice{padding:13px 15px;font-size:10px;margin-bottom:26px}.article-body{font-size:18px;line-height:1.85}.article-body>p:first-child::first-letter{font-size:57px}.author-line{margin-top:32px}.related{margin-bottom:50px}.not-found{padding-block:60px}.not-found h1{font-size:46px}}
@media(max-width:380px){.wrapper{width:calc(100% - 32px)}.site-header nav{gap:21px}.header-controls{gap:8px}.masthead{font-size:12.5vw}.series-title h2{font-size:29px}.article-heading h1{font-size:43px}}
@media print{.site-header,.site-footer,.newsletter-note,.back-link,.discussion-slot,.related,.sample-notice{display:none}.wrapper,.essay-detail{width:100%;max-width:100%}body{background:white;color:black;font-size:11pt}.article-body{font-size:11pt}.article-heading h1{font-size:32pt}.prose a{color:black}}

.article-body{margin-inline:auto}.home-copy .editorial-note{max-width:55ch}

.essay-detail .newsletter-note[data-variant="compact"] {
  margin: 24px 0 12px;
  padding: 0;
  border: 0;
  text-align: left;
}
.newsletter-note[data-variant="compact"] > p {
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 65ch;
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.8;
}
.newsletter-note[data-variant="compact"] a {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}
.newsletter-subscribe {
  margin-top: 28px;
}
.newsletter-subscribe .editorial-note {
  margin-top: 12px;
  font-size: 12px;
}